I 10 Errori SEO Più Comuni in PrestaShop (e Come Fixarli)

❌ Esempio di duplicazione massiva:
- 500 prodotti con: "Acquista online su MyShop"
- 0 prodotti con meta description unica
- Google ignora pagine duplicate = -50% visibilità

-- Fix 1: Genera meta description base da descrizione breve
UPDATE ps_product_lang
SET meta_description = CONCAT(
    SUBSTRING(name, 1, 60),
    ' - ',
    SUBSTRING(description_short, 1, 90),
    '. Spedizione gratuita!'
)
WHERE meta_description = ''
   OR meta_description IS NULL
   OR LENGTH(meta_description) < 20;

-- Fix 2: Rimuovi duplicati aggiungendo SKU
UPDATE ps_product_lang pl
INNER JOIN ps_product p ON pl.id_product = p.id_product
SET pl.meta_description = CONCAT(
    pl.meta_description,
    ' | Cod. ',
    p.reference
)
WHERE pl.id_lang = 1;

pyprestascan generate-meta \
    --provider deepseek \
    --language it \
    --include-price \
    --include-availability \
    --export-sql meta_fixes.sql

# Aggiungi in .htaccess
RewriteRule ^([0-9]+)-(.*)$ /$2 [R=301,L]
RewriteRule ^([a-z]{2})/([0-9]+)-(.*)$ /$1/$3 [R=301,L]

{if $page_name == 'product'}
    <link rel="canonical" href="{$link->getProductLink($product)|escape:'html':'UTF-8'}" />
{elseif $page_name == 'category'}
    <link rel="canonical" href="{$link->getCategoryLink($category)|escape:'html':'UTF-8'}" />
{/if}

-- Forza canonical su prodotto padre per tutte le varianti
UPDATE ps_product_attribute
SET canonical_url = NULL
WHERE id_product IN (
    SELECT id_product
    FROM ps_product
    WHERE active = 1
);

-- Genera ALT da nome prodotto + posizione immagine
UPDATE ps_image_lang il
INNER JOIN ps_image i ON il.id_image = i.id_image
INNER JOIN ps_product_lang pl ON i.id_product = pl.id_product AND il.id_lang = pl.id_lang
SET il.legend = CONCAT(
    pl.name,
    ' - Foto ',
    i.position,
    CASE
        WHEN i.cover = 1 THEN ' (principale)'
        ELSE ''
    END
)
WHERE il.legend = '' OR il.legend IS NULL;

-- Risultato: "Nike Air Max - Foto 1 (principale)"

-- Ottimizza tutti i title prodotti
UPDATE ps_product_lang pl
INNER JOIN ps_category_lang cl ON cl.id_category = (
    SELECT id_category_default
    FROM ps_product
    WHERE id_product = pl.id_product
) AND cl.id_lang = pl.id_lang
SET pl.meta_title = CONCAT(
    SUBSTRING(pl.name, 1, 30),
    ' | ',
    cl.name,
    ' | Spedizione Gratis | ',
    (SELECT value FROM ps_configuration WHERE name = 'PS_SHOP_NAME')
)
WHERE LENGTH(pl.meta_title) < 40
   OR pl.meta_title = pl.name;

// In CategoryController.php
if (Tools::getValue('orderby') || Tools::getValue('n')) {
    $canonical = $this->context->link->getCategoryLink($this->category);
    $this->context->smarty->assign('canonical_url', $canonical);
}

// Aggiungi noindex ai filtri
{if $smarty.get.orderby || $smarty.get.n || $smarty.get.p > 1}
    <meta name="robots" content="noindex, follow" />
{/if}

# Blocca parametri di ordinamento
User-agent: *
Disallow: /*?orderby=
Disallow: /*?orderway=
Disallow: /*&orderby=
Disallow: /*&orderway=

<!-- In header.tpl -->
{foreach from=$languages item=language}
    <link rel="alternate" hreflang="{$language.iso_code}"
          href="{$link->getLanguageLink($language.id_lang)}" />
{/foreach}
<link rel="alternate" hreflang="x-default"
      href="{$link->getPageLink('index', true, $id_lang_default)}" />

<script type="application/ld+json">
{
  "@context": "https://schema.org",
  "@type": "Product",
  "name": "{$product.name}",
  "image": "{$product.cover.large.url}",
  "description": "{$product.description_short|strip_tags}",
  "sku": "{$product.reference}",
  "brand": {
    "@type": "Brand",
    "name": "{$product.manufacturer_name}"
  },
  "offers": {
    "@type": "Offer",
    "url": "{$product.url}",
    "priceCurrency": "{$currency.iso_code}",
    "price": "{$product.price_amount}",
    "availability": "{if $product.quantity > 0}InStock{else}OutOfStock{/if}",
    "seller": {
      "@type": "Organization",
      "name": "{$shop.name}"
    }
  },
  "aggregateRating": {
    "@type": "AggregateRating",
    "ratingValue": "{$product.average_rating}",
    "reviewCount": "{$product.nb_comments}"
  }
}
</script>

# Robots.txt PrestaShop ottimizzato
User-agent: *
Allow: /

# Blocca solo contenuti privati
Disallow: /admin*/
Disallow: /cache/
Disallow: /classes/
Disallow: /config/
Disallow: /download/
Disallow: /mails/
Disallow: /upload/
Disallow: /vendor/

# Blocca parametri inutili
Disallow: /*?orderby=
Disallow: /*?orderway=
Disallow: /*&tag=
Disallow: /*?id_employee=
Disallow: /*?controller=attachment

# Permetti CSS e JS
Allow: /modules/*.css
Allow: /modules/*.js
Allow: /themes/*.css
Allow: /themes/*.js

# Sitemap
Sitemap: https://myshop.com/sitemap.xml

# Crontab - genera sitemap ogni notte alle 2
0 2 * * * wget -O /dev/null https://myshop.com/module/gsitemap/cron?token=YOUR_TOKEN